2岁以下儿童贫血状况及危险因素研究

Anemia status and risk factors of Children below 2 years old

目的：探讨影响0—24月婴幼儿贫血的因素，为早期干预提供科学依据。方法：以在社区卫生服务机构接受健康体检的儿童为研究对象，进行体格发育测量和血常规检测，同时收集其相关资料，分析0～24个月婴幼儿贫血发生情况。结果：共调查2岁以下儿童520人，男童252人，女童268人，6月龄和18月龄儿童的贫血检出率分别为33．9％和14．0％，男婴6月龄贫血检出率高于女婴（χ^2=6．802，P=0．009），6月龄贫血检出率明显高于18月龄（χ^2=36．30，P〈0．001），多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示，孕期贫血、断奶时间、出生身长、性别等因素是6月龄儿童贫血的影响因素。结论：应努力做好孕妇和儿童的系统保健，降低儿童贫血发生率。

Objective： To analyze the iron deficiency anemia prevalence, explore the risk factors of anemia in 0 -24 months infants and provide the evidence for preventing infants＇anemia. Methods： The children, who received the growth monitoring in the Community Health Center, were carried out the physical development of measurement and the blood testing, while collected relevant information. Results： The anemia prevalence of children in 6 months and lg months was 33.9% and 14.0% , the rate of anemia significant- ly was higher in 6 months （X2 = 36. 30, P 〈 0. 001 ） . The risk factors identified by Logistic regression analysis reveal variable factors were significantly correlated with anemia among infants aged 6 months, including maternal anemia during pregnancy, breast -feeding exclusive, birth length, sex. Conclusion： Prenatal and preschool care system are provided to reduce the children anemia rate.