DMDAAC–HEA共聚物对ABS的抗静电作用

Antistatic Effect of DMDAAC–HEA Copolymer on ABS

以无水乙醇为溶剂,偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,合成二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)–丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEA)共聚物,分析了共聚物中单体DMDAAC与HEA质量比对其抗静电性能的影响,发现DMDAAC与HEA质量比为2∶1和1.5∶1时,共聚物的抗静电效果较理想。将DMDAAC与HEA质量比为2∶1的共聚物作为抗静电剂添加到丙烯腈–丁二烯–苯乙烯塑料(ABS)中制备抗静电ABS,研究了抗静电剂添加量、储存时间、环境相对湿度、水洗次数等对ABS抗静电性能的影响,并研究了抗静电剂对ABS力学性能的影响。结果表明,随抗静电剂添加量的增加,抗静电ABS的表面电阻率(ρs)和体积电阻率(ρv)迅速下降,当抗静电剂质量分数为1%时,抗静电ABS的ρs下降至1×108Ω左右,此后基本保持稳定;在此添加量下,抗静电ABS的ρs和ρv随储存时间的增加而迅速下降,在20 d左右达到稳定值,其在低相对湿度环境下的ρs仍低于1×1010Ω,水洗200次后仍具有一定的抗静电效果,且力学性能下降幅度较小。

Poly （DMDAAC-co-HEA） copolymers were synthesized based on DMDAAC,HEA,ethanol solvent and AIBN initiator,and the effects of monomer mass ratio （DMDAAC∶HEA） on the antistatic performance of the copolymers were discussed. It is found that when the monomer mass ratio is 2∶1 or 1.5∶1,the antistatic performance of the copolymer is relatively well. Then, taking the copolymer with the monomer mass ratio being 2∶1 as antistatic agent,the antistatic ABS was prepared by adding it to ABS. The effects of the antistatic agent content,storage time,relative humidity and washing times on antistatic performance of ABS were investigated and the effects of the antistatic agent content on the mechanical properties of ABS were also studied. The results indicate that the surface resistivity （ρs） and volume resistivity （ρv） of the antistatic ABS decrease rapidly with the increase of the antistatic agent content,when the mass fraction of the antistatic agent is 1%,theρs decreases to about 1×108 Ωand then keeps stable basically. Moreover,under the condition of this content,theρs andρv decrease rapidly with storage time increasing and reach stable value when storing 20 days,theρs is still below 1×1010 Ωin the environment of low relative humidity,the antistatic ABS still has certain antistatic effect after being washed for 200 times and it’s mechanical properties decrease little comparing with pure ABS.