虾青素对大鼠蛛网膜下腔出血后早期脑损伤的保护作用

Astaxanthin ameliorates early brain injury after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats

目的 观察虾青素在大鼠蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）后早期脑损伤（EBI）中的保护作用.方法 成年雄性SD大鼠72只,随机分为假手术组（sham）、SAH加安慰剂组（vehicle）和虾青素处理组（ATX）.通过建立大鼠视交叉SAH模型,于手术后24 h分别检测大鼠脑组织含水量、伊文氏蓝含量的改变,并应用Western blot技术、原位末端转移酶标记（TUNEL）以及分光光度比色法分别检测脑组织中半胱氨酰天冬氨酸特异性蛋白酶（Caspase）-3蛋白水平的表达、神经细胞凋亡和脑组织丙二醛（MDA）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的变化.结果 SAH后24 h大鼠脑组织含水量[（80.76±0.67）％]、血脑屏障通透性[（2.17 ±0.53）μg/g]显著升高;颞叶底部皮层Caspase-3蛋白水平表达（0.49 ±0.13）和TUNEL凋亡阳性细胞[（41.54±9.38）％]也明显增多;应用虾青素干预以后,大鼠脑组织含水量[（79.91±0.42）％]、血脑屏障通透性[（1.35 ±0.46） μg/g]、Caspase-3蛋白水平表达（0.34±0.06）和TUNEL凋亡阳性细胞[（27.86±5.17）％]均显著减少,同时,虾青素能够减轻SAH后的氧化应激损伤[MDA：（2.52±0.60）、（4.44±1.32）、（2.64±0.78） nmol/mg;GSH：（6.50±1.80）、（3.72±1.12）、（6.23±0.87）μmol/g;SOD：（25.71 ±4.00）、（14.71 ±2.35）、（21.61±3.87） U/mg].结论 虾青素能够减轻SAH后EBI,并可能与其强抗氧化性有关.

Objective To study the effects of astaxanthin （ATX） on the early brain injury （EBI） after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage （SAH） in rats.Methods A total of 72 male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups：sham group,SAH ＋ vehicle group and SAH ＋ ATX group.The prechiasmatic cistern SAH rat model was established in this experiment.Brain edema and Evans blue extravasation were measured at 24 h after surgery.The levels of Caspase-3,apoptotic index and malondialdehyde （MDA）,glutathione （GSH）,and superoxide dismutase （SOD） in the brain cortex were evaluated by Western blotting,terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling （TUNEL） staining,and spectrophotometric method,respectively.Results The brain edema [（80.76 ± 0.67） %] and blood-brain barrier permeability [（2.17 ±0.53） μg/g] were significantly aggravated at 24 h after SAH.In addition,the levels of Caspase-3 expression [（0.49 ± 0.13）] and neural cell apoptosis [（41.54 ±9.38） %] were increased in the inferior basal temporal lobe followomh SAH.After ATX administration,the brain edema [（79.91 ± 0.42） %],BBB disruption [（1.35 ± 0.46） μg/g],Caspase-3 levels [（0.34 ± 0.06）] and neural cell apoptosis [（27.86 ± 5.17） %] were ameliorated after SAH.Meanwhile,ATX could attenuate the oxidative stress injury [（MDA：2.52 ± 0.60,4.44 ± 1.32 and 2.64 ±0.78）; （GSH：6.50±1.80,3.72±1.12 and 6.23 ±0.87）; （SOD：25.71 ±4.00,14.71 ±2.35 and 21.61 ± 3.87）] in brain cortex after SAH.Conclusion ATX could alleviate EBI after SAH by its powerful anti-oxidant property.