气泡微细化沸腾的沸腾现象与沸腾音特性

Characteristics of phenomenon and sound in microbubble emission boiling

发生在过渡沸腾区的微细化沸腾(MEB)以其极高的换热能力日益受到学者们的关注。本文通过傅里叶变换得到了MEB沸腾音的幅度谱,结合MEB实验中获得的壁温和相应的视频数据,对幅度谱进行了分析。结果表明:通过幅度谱上的特征,可以判别加热面上的沸腾模式。在核态沸腾阶段,沸腾现象较微弱,幅度谱波动不明显。在MEB发展阶段,加热面上存在两类沸腾现象,幅度谱以多峰谱为主要特征。当MEB现象显著发生时,幅度谱300–400 Hz范围内会出现一个MEB特征谱峰。该谱峰的形成与气膜生成和破裂周期存在一定关系,过冷度对气膜变化的周期并没有影响。

Background： Nowadays, the efficient heat transfer technology is required in nuclear energy. Therefore, micro-bubble emission boiling （MEB） is getting more attentions from many researchers due to its extremely high heat-transfer dissipation capability. Purpose： An experimental setup was built up to study the correspondences between the characteristics on the amplitude spectrum of boiling sound in different boiling modes. Methods： The heat element was a copper block heated by four Si-C heaters. The upper of the copper block was a cylinder with the diameter of 10 mm and height of 10 mm. Temperature data were measured by three T-type sheathed thermocouples fitted on the upper of the copper block and recorded by NI acquisition system. The temperature of the heating surface was estimated by extrapolating the temperature distribution. Boiling sound data were acquired by hydrophone and processed by Fourier transform. Bubble behaviors were captured by high-speed video camera with light system. Results： In nucleate boiling region, the boiling was not intensive and as a result, the spectra didn＇t present any peak. While the MEB fully developed on the heating surface, an obvious peak came into being around the frequency of 300 Hz. This could be explained by analyzing the video data. The periodic expansion and collapse into many extremely small bubbles of the vapor film lead to MEB presenting an obvious characteristic peak in its amplitude spectrum. Conclusion： The boiling mode can be distinguished by its amplitude spectrum. When the MEB fully developed, it presented a characteristic peak in its amplitude spectrum around the frequency between 300-400 Hz. This proved that boiling sound of MEB has a close relation with the behavior of vapor film.