大化·空灵·圆形之美——《十四行集》的化转意识、时间体验与诗美建构

Grandeur,Ethereality,and Roundedness: The Conversion Awareness,Temporal Experience and Poetic Construction in the Collection of Sonnets

冯至《十四行集》融中国传统儒、佛、道哲学思想与西方存在主义哲学于一炉,思考世界、人生、命运及其化转问题,思想内涵极为丰富。《十四行集》弘扬了《易经》、佛教、道教的"大化"意识,书写与张扬了现代性的时间体验与意识,对于"荒原"这个现代世界的灾难性意象,也有深刻的省思。《十四行集》不仅具有现代诗的知性美风采,还呈现出深沉、空灵兼具的美学特点。同其思想的深沉圆熟一样,《十四行集》的诗艺术上也具有"圆形之美",它所达到的圆熟自如的境界,使西方格律诗十四行体这一诗体也像自由体诗一样,成了现代中国人最喜爱的一种诗体。

Feng Zhi＇s Collection of Sonnets is a combination of traditional Chinese Confucianist, Buddhist, and Taoist be- liefs and western Existentialism. It, with great variety in its philosophical contents, is a reflection on the world, human life, human destiny and their conversion. It bodies forth the sense of grandeur as is found in The Book of Changes, in Bud- dhism and in Taoism. It depicts with great emphasis the temporal experience and awareness of modernity, and examines closely the image of the ＂wasteland,＂ an image that epitomizes the disaster of modern world. Feng＇s Collection of Sonnets possesses within it not only the intellectual intensity of modern poetry, but also an aesthetic feature that is at once profound and ethereal in nature. Similar to the profound roundedness in the ideas of the collection, there is also a perfect sense of roundedness in the prosody of the collection. The sense of roundedness and spontaneity as is found in the collection has made sonnet, just like free verse, into one of the most favored kinds of poetry in modern China.