比较文学学科理论的两大支柱——论比较文学的实证性研究与非实证性研究

The Two Pillars of Comparative Literature Theory——Studies on Empirical and Non-empirical Study of Comparative Literature

作为比较文学发展的第一阶段,法国学派的贡献具有里程碑的意义。但长期以来,学术界对法国学派的研究大多停留在影响研究和实证的方法之上。而20世纪中叶以来,美国学派的理论则更多地体现出非实证的特点。进入新世纪以后,尽管实证性的影响研究遭受种种质疑,但无可否认的是,实证性研究并没有过时,实证性研究和非实证性研究相结合才是比较文学的正确发展方向。可以说,实证性研究和非实证性研究始终贯穿于整个比较文学学科发展的进程之中,二者共同构成了比较文学学科理论的两大支柱。

As the first stage of comparative literature, the French school has made great contributions. But for a long time, the academic mostly focused on the influencing study and the empirical method. In fact, in the theoretical system of the French school, in addition to the empirical research, non - empirical research also has been discussed. And since the middle of the twentieth century, the theory of American school shows more non - empirical characteristics. After entering the new century, al- though both influence research and empirical research often be questioned, it is no doubt that empirical research is not out of date. And the correct direction for the development of comparative literature is the combination of empirical study and non - em- pirical study.