加油站地下储罐系统渗漏污染物监测研究

Characteristics of Pollutants from Underground Storage Tank Leakage

加油站地下储罐系统渗漏污染已成为土壤和地下水有机污染的主要来源之一。本研究采用层次分析的方法,以国内研究现状为基础,参照国外加油站地下储罐渗漏污染监测的相关规范,以污染物危害性为主要筛选原则,综合参考渗漏污染物在环境介质中的迁移能力及与现有标准之间的衔接程度,初步筛选TPH、VOC、SVOC、BTEX、PAHs和MTBE为加油站渗漏污染的特征污染物。结合成本效益,拟定TPH、BTEX和PAHs为加油站地下储罐系统渗漏污染监测的首选特征污染物指标,建议在加油站地下储罐系统渗漏污染监测过程中,重视该类污染物定期跟踪监测;VOC与SVOS作为可选测定指标;在饮用水源地周边加油站渗漏污染监测过程中应选取MTBE为选测指标。

Underground storage tank leakage has been regarded as one of the major groundwater contamination sources. Using hierarchical analysis method, TPH, VOC, SVOC, BTEX, PAHs and MTBE were selected as characteristic pollutants for underground storage tank leakage. The screening is based on main composition and health risks to people. Considering migration rate and connection to existing environmental standards, TPH, BTEX and PAHs were advised pollutants that must be considered when deter- mining pollution degree and environmental risks. V0C and SVOC can be chosen as reference indexes based on cost efficiency analy- sis. MTBE should be selected in monitoring gas station near drinking water sources for its higher migration rate in groundwater.