突发群体事件后乌鲁木齐市中湾街沿街居民精神障碍流行病学调查

Epidemiological survey of mental disorder along the Zhong-wan street in the Urumqi after the emergency of group injury

目的了解乌鲁木齐市突发群体事件后中湾街沿街年龄≥15岁居民各类精神障碍的患病率、发病因素及规律，为街道社区心理卫生服务尤其是心理危机干预提供依据。方法2009年9月5日至11月5日对乌鲁木齐市黑甲山后街社区沿街居民进行了调查，对其中中湾街沿街年龄≥15岁全体居民，由精神科医生以DSM-IV—TR轴I障碍临床定式检查患者版进行了调查，使用DSM—IV对各类精神障碍进行诊断。结果（1）共有931人完成了调查，精神障碍的总时点患病率为24．3％（226／931），最常见的精神障碍为创伤后应激障碍（post traumatic stress disorder，PTSD）（13．5％，126／931），重性抑郁障碍（8．7％，81／931）和未特定抑郁障碍（3．4％，32／931）。（2）高暴露组总患病率为41．3％（143／346），高于低暴露组（14．2％，83／585），差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；年龄组总患病率随着年龄增大呈增高趋势（≥55岁组略有下降）：15～24岁8．8％（7／192），25～34岁20．4％（44／225），35～44岁26．5％（77／291），45～54岁41．7％（55／132），≥55岁34．1％（31／91），差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。（3）PTSD患者自愿接受治疗23例（18．3％），2例完成治疗。结论相关区域PTSD和重性抑郁障碍患病率位于突发群体事件后精神障碍的前两位。高暴露者精神障碍总患病率高于低暴露者，年龄〈55岁人群精神障碍总患病率随年龄增大呈增高趋势。礼区PTSD患者治疗依从性差。

Objective To understand the prevalence rate and factors to mental disorder in residents aged 15 years and older along the Zhong-wan street in the Urumqi after the emergency of group injury. To provide the basis for the community mental health service especially psychological crisis intervention. Methods The residents aged 15 years and older along the Zhong-wan street were assessed with the DSM- IV-TR for making diagnosis of axis I disorder from September 5 to November 5 in 2009. Results In the 931 residents completed the surveys, the point prevalence rate of mental disorder was 24. 3% （226/931） , in which the post-traumatic stress disorder （PTSD） being of 13.5% （126/931）, major depression disorder of 8.7% （81/931） and the unspecified depressive disorder of 3, 4% （32/931）. The total prevalence rate in high exposure group was higher than that in low exposure group [41.3% （143/346） vs. 14. 2% （83/585） P〈0.01 1, and total prevalence increases with age among all age groups showed a trend of increase （ t〉55 group fell slightly） [8.8% （7/192） in people aged 15 to 24 years, 20. 4% （44/225） in ones aged 25 to34 years, 26.5% （77/291） in ones aged 35 to 44 years, 41.7% （55/132） in ones aged 45 to 54 years, 34. 1% （31/91） in ones aged 55 years and older, P 〈0. 01 ]. In ones diagnosed with PTSD, 23 （18.3%） took treatment voluntarily, and two completed the treatment among them. Conclusions The prevalence rate of PTSD and major depressive disorder is the top two mental disorders in this population met with group injury. The total prevalence rate in high exposure is higher than that of low exposure, and exposure population under the age of 55 total prevalence rocte of mental disorders increase showed atrend of increase with age. The community patients with PTSD may be have poor treatment adherence.