广西贵港马鞍岭梁君垌汉至南朝墓发掘报告

THE EXCAVATION OF THE TOMBS OF THE HAN TO THE SOUITHERN DYNASTIES AT MA'ANLING AND LIANGJUNDONG IN GUIGANG,GUANGXI

梁君垌与马鞍岭相邻，位于贵港市港北区贵城镇三合村黎湛铁路沿线，属自治区级文物保护单位——贵县（贵港市）古墓群的分布范围（图一）。1996年12月-1997年1月，广西壮族自治区文物工作队曾于贵港火车站新扩建复线范围内的马鞍岭发掘东汉墓3座。

The Ma＇anling and Liangjundong Cemetery is located at Sanhe Village in Guicheng Town, Gangbei District, Guigang City, Guangxi, and along the route of Litang-Zhanjiang Railway. In August through October 2010, Guangxi Institute of Cultural Relic Protection and Archaeology excavated 15 tombs in this cemetery. Except for MS, which was a modern tomb, the rest 14 tombs could be classified into earthen pit tombs and brick-chamber tombs. The earthen pit tombs were well preserved, in which the traces of coffin board and coffin nails were seen but the skeletons of the tomb occupants all decayed away and the original burial position could not be known. The brick-chamber tombs were mostly looted~ by the tomb structure, they could be classified into the tombs with barrel-shaped vault roofs and the ones with combined dome-shaped and vaulted roofs. From these 14 tombs, 241 pieces of grave goods were unearthed, most of which were from the earthen pit tombs of M14, M7 and M15. The grave goods were mainly pottery wares, plus some bronzes, iron and silver wares, jades and objects made of talc, agate and stone. The tomb structures and grave goods showed that these tombs belonged to the late Eastern Han Dynasty, the Three-Kingdoms Period, the Western Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties Period. These tombs with long time span, rich types and rather good continuity provided new materials for understanding the cultural connotation, periodization and evolution and the chronological sequence of the tombs from the late Eastern Han Dynasty to the Southern Dynasties in Guigang area, so they have significant academic values. The pottery sculptures unearthed from M14 are exquisite and found together with the pottery boot and oxcart representing the land and water trans- portations, which are the first discovery of this assemblage in Guangxi and the vivid physical materials for the researches on the local communication in the Han Dynasty. The occupant of M14 was the xiancheng （vice magistrate） of Xianhuan District of the Eastern Han Dynasty, which was one of the rare cases of xiancheng with exact identification found to date in China, and his burial system provided important materials for the researches on the burial customs of the low-ranking officials in the Eastern Han Dynasty.