儿童自发性脑出血病因及临床特点分析

Causes and clinical characteristics of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in children

回顾分析31例自发性脑出血患儿的临床资料,其中经影像学检查明确病因者22例(70.97%),分别为颅内动-静脉畸形(9例占29.03%)、海绵状血管瘤(6例占19.35%)、血液病(3例占9.68%)、瘤卒中(2例占6.45%)、颅内动脉瘤(1例占3.23%)和烟雾病(1例占3.23%);病因不明者9例(29.03%)。所有患者均早期明确诊断并获及时治疗,预后良好23例(74.19%)、好转6例(19.35%),其余2例死亡(6.45%)。提示在清除血肿同时,应积极治疗原发病。

In this study, clinical data of 31 patients in childhood with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage （SICH） were retrospectively analyzed. According to various imaging examinations （CT, MRI, CTA, MRA and DSA）, 22 cases （70.97%） had definite causes, including 9 eases （29.03%） with intraeranial arteriovenous malformation, 6 cases （19.35%） with cavernous hemangioma, 3 cases （9.68%） with hematopathy, 2 cases （6.45%） with tumor apoplexy, one case （3.23%） with intracranial aneurysm and one case （3.23%） with moyamoya disease; 9 cases （29.03%） had unclear causes. All cases were timely diagnosed and treated. Among all the patients, 23 cases （74.19%） were cured with good prognosis, 6 cases （19.35%） improved, and the other 2 cases （6.45%） died. Therefore, primary diseases should be timely treated as hematoma was removed.