2008—2011年上海市普陀区社区吸毒人员吸毒行为及HIV、HCV、梅毒感染状况调查

Study of drug use and HIV /HCV /Syphilis infections among community drug users in Putuo District,Shanghai,2008- 2011

目的了解上海市普陀区社区吸毒人群吸毒行为及HIV、HCV和梅毒感染情况。方法采用连续横断面调查方法对调查对象进行问卷调查和血样采集。结果 2008—2011年分别调查316、413、473和473例社区吸毒人员,该人群9种常见毒品均有使用,使用最多者为海洛因,分别占94.9%、93.7%、95.1%和96.8%,存在合并使用毒品的情况,分别有9.8%、6.1%、4.2%和7.6%使用两种及以上毒品,吸食冰毒比例逐年增加,分别占4.4%、4.6%、5.5%和5.9%;注射毒品者比例历年依次为64.2%、63.0%、57.5%和68.1%,注射吸毒者共用针具比例历年依次为12.9%、9.1%、10.3%和8.1%。HIV抗体血清学检测阳性率历年依次为0.0%、0.0%、0.0%和0.6%;HCV抗体阳性率分别为56.3%、60.3%、52.9%和60.0%;梅毒RPR阳性率分别为6.7%、6.3%、3.6%和8.0%。结论上海市社区吸毒人员使用毒品种类多,以海洛因为主,注射吸毒率、HCV和梅毒感染率较高,目前HIV仍处于低流行状态,但存在高感染风险。

Objective To explore behavior characteristics of drug use and prevalence of HIV/HCV/Syphilis infection among community drug users in Putuo District, Shanghai, 2008 - 2011. Methods Questionnaire surveys with interview and blood testing were conducted annually during 2008 -2011. Results There were 316, 413, 473 and 473 cases of community drug users involved in each survey from 2008 to 2011 at Putuo District, respectively. In the community drug us- ers, all 9 kinds of common drugs were used, of which Heroin was mostly used, it took a percentage of 94. 9%, 93.7%, 95.1% and 96. 8% from 2008 to 2011, respectively. There were 9. 8%, 6. 1% , 4. 2% and 7.6% of community drug us- ers used more than two kinds of drugs. The proportion of methamphetamine users were 4.4%, 4. 6% , 5.5% and 5.9%, rising year by year. The proportions of injecting drugs were 64. 2% , 63.0%, 57.5% and 68.1% , rising year by year. The proportions of needle sharing for drug injection were 12. 9% , 9. 1% , 10. 3% and 8.1%, respectively. From 2008 to 2011, the serum positive rates of anti-HIV IgG were 0.0% , 0. 0%, 0. 0% , 0. 6%. Positive rates of anti-HCV IgG were 56. 3%, 60. 3% , 52. 9%, 60. 0% and positive rates of RPR were 6. 7%, 6. 3%, 3.6% , 8.0% , respectively. Conclusion Heroin was popular used drugs among community drug users in Shanghai, and the proportion of injecting drug users and HCV/Syphilis were high. HIV/AIDS is in a low prevalence state while epidemic situation is not optimistic.