校外青少年社会支持与总体幸福感关系的调查

A survey of the relationship between the social support and general well-being about out-of-school youths

目的了解云南昆明、德宏两地校外青少年社会支持与总体幸福感之间的关系，旨在为制定相应的干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用社会支持评定量表（SSRS）和总体幸福感量表（GWB），对工厂、发廊、歌厅、网吧、宾馆5类场所15～24岁外来务工青少年进行自填调查，共获有效问卷542份。结果校外青少年在支持总分上，双亲家庭〉单亲家庭（t=2．97，P〈0．01）；工厂〉宾馆〉网吧〉美容美发〉歌舞厅（F=3．77，P〈0．01）；大专〉高中〉初中（F=3．79，P〈0．05）。总体幸福感：男生〉女生（t=2．58，P〈0．01）。社会支持总分、客观支持、主观支持及支持的利用度与总体幸福感呈正相关（r值分别为0．22、0．17、0．18、0．12，P〈0．05）。结论社会支持是主观幸福感的预测因素。帮助校外青少年学会主动寻求支持，增强支持的利用度，可提高他们的总体幸福感水平。

Objective To explore the relations between social support and general well-being about out-of-school youths in Kunming and Dehong in order to provide scientific reference for related intervention. Methods Social Support Rat- ing Scale （SSRS） and General Well-Being Schedule （GWB） scale were administrated to 542 out-of-school youths at factory, hair salon, singing hall, internet bar and hotel from 15 -24 age. Results At the total of social support, two-parent family was greater than single parent family （ t = 2.97, P 〈 0.01 ） ; factory was outweigh than hair salon, singing hall, in- ternet bar and hotel （ F = 3.77, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Junior high school was better than senior high school and college （ F = 3.79, P 〈 0. 05 ）. At general well-being, man was higher than woman （t = 2. 58, P 〈 0.01 ）. There was a positive correlation be- tween social support, objective support, subjective support, utilization of support and general well-being （ r = 0. 22, r = 0. 17, r = 0. 18, r = 0. 12, all P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Social support is the predictor factors of general well-being. To help youths seek to help and to increase the use of social support can improve general well-being.