结直肠肿瘤患者术后感染的危险因素分析

Risk factors for postoperative infections for colorectal tumor patients

目的探讨结直肠肿瘤患者术后感染的危险因素,为预防治疗结直肠肿瘤术后感染提供依据。方法回顾性分析2008年1月-2012年12月行结直肠肿瘤切除术的397例患者临床资料,对患者年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、基础疾病、手术情况、放置引流管及引流管护理等相关因素进行分析,采用SPSS16.0统计软件对患者出现术后感染的例数进行t检验和χ2检验,探究影响结直肠肿瘤术后感染的危险因素及预防措施。结果年龄≥55岁、BMI≥23kg/m2、合并糖尿病、手术时间长、引流管放置时间长等因素医院感染率高,分别为18.2%、16.7%、27.5%、16.5%、16.7%,与相应组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);397例结直肠肿瘤患者手术后切口感染共检出51株病原菌,主要以革兰阴性菌为主占64.7%,其中产超广谱β-内酰胺酶菌>80.0%。结论结直肠肿瘤患者术后发生感染的危险因素多,对其进行评估,有利于提高手术效果和患者生活质量。

OBJECTIVE To investigate and analyze risk factors of postoperative infections for colorectal tumor patients, in order to provide some clinical basis for the prevention and treatment of postoperative infections after coloreetal cancer. METHODS A total of 397 patients undergoing colorectal tumor operation during Jan. 2008 to Dec. 2012 were retrospectively collected, to analyze impacting factors of incisional surgical infections including age, BMI, underlying diseases, operation condition, the drainage tube placement and a drainage tube care. The SPSS16.0 was used to process the case umber of postoperative infection by t-test and χ2-test to study the risk factors and preventive measures of postoperative infections. RESULTS The nosocomie infection rate was higher by the factors, such as age≥55 years old, BMI≥23, diabetes mellitus, long time of operation, placed drainage tubes for long time, and the rate were 18. 2%, 16.7%, 27.5%, 16.5%, 16.7%, respectively. The difference was significant （P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION There are so many risk factors of postoperative infections for eolorectal tumor patients, and it can improve the operation effect and patients living conditions to estimate the risks of the operation.