能耗均衡的自供能无线传感器网络分簇路由算法

Energy Balanced Clustering Algorithm for Self-Energized Wireless Sensor Networks

当前的采能技术已经能够让传感器节点自动从环境中获得适量的能量补给,针对现有自供能无线传感器网络分簇路由算法中未考虑位于不同地理区域的节点所获补给能量大小的不同,而导致能量补给少区域的簇头数过少、簇规模过大,全网能耗不均衡等问题,提出了一种能耗均衡的自供能无线传感器网络分簇路由算法-EBCS(Energy Balanced Clustering with Self-Energized),该算法结合实际能量补给场景对簇头选举机制进行了改进,并采用了一种自适应式簇间通信机制,充分保存与利用补给能量。理论和仿真实验表明:EBCS算法能够较好维持预设的簇头比例,在网络平均剩余能量、当前可用节点数量等性能方面优于另外两种现有算法。

The present power-harvesting technology can make sensor nodes obtain harvesting energy from the environment automatically, directing at the current cluster routing algorithms for self-energized wireless sensor network the actual environment haven’t been considered, that is, different geographic area gains different energy harvesting levels,which will lead less cluster heads,large-scale cluster region and network energy-imbalanced in weaker energy harvesting areas. In this paper,we propose an energy balanced clustering algorithm for self-energized wireless sensor networks-EBCS（ Energy Balanced Clustering with Self-Energization） ,which combines with the real energy-harvesting setting to improve the cluster-head election mechanism. What’s more,it adopts an adaptive inter-cluster communication mechanism,to sufficiently recharge and utilize the harvesting energy. Theoretical results and simulation manifest that EBCS algorithm can better keep the default cluster head proportion,and outperforms the two present algorithms in terms of the average residual energy and current available number of nodes in networks.