胶州湾水体重金属Hg的质量浓度和分布

Content and Distribution of Hg in the Water of the Jiaozhou Bay

根据1982-04、06、07和10月胶州湾水域调查资料,探讨和研究胶州湾重金属Hg的水质、平面分布、垂直分布、季节变化以及来源.结果表明：Hg在胶州湾水体中的质量浓度范围为：0.006～0.049 μg/L,在胶州湾整个水域,没有受到Hg的污染.在胶州湾西南沿岸水域,地表径流直接输送Hg入海,其质量浓度都非常低;在胶州湾东部沿岸水域,河流输送Hg入海,其质量浓度相对较高.Hg的表、底层水平分布证实了Hg的水域迁移过程和水域迁移机制.Hg质量浓度的垂直分布展示了胶州湾表层水质受到陆地地表径流输送Hg的影响,而胶州湾底层水质受到累计沉降的效应.通过胶州湾Hg的时空分布,发现控制Hg的排放得到实施,输入胶州湾水域的Hg大为减少.

The water quality, horizontal and vertical distributions, seasonal changes and sources of heavy metal Hg in the water of the Jiaozhou Bay are studied based on the sur- veying data obtained in the Jiaozhou Bay in April, June, July and October in 1982. The results indicate that the contents of Hg in the water of the bay range from 0. 006μg/L to 0. 049μg/L and no pollution of Hg occurs in the whole bay. In the southwestern coastal water of the Jiaozhou Bay, Hg has a very low content and is directly transported into the sea by the surface runoffs. In the eastern coastal water of the bay, however, Hg has a relatively high content and is mainly delivered into the sea by rivers. The horizontal dis tributions of Hg in the surface and bottom layers reveal the transfer processes and mech anisms of Hg in the waters. The vertical distribution of Hg reveals that the quality of the surface water of the bay has been subjected to the influence of Hg delivered by the surface runoffs, whereas the water quality at the bottom of the bay is mainly affected by the accumulation of Hg sinking. It can be seen from the spatial and temporal distribu- tions of Hg that the discharge of Hg has been controlled, leading to a great decrease of Hg entering into the water of the Jiaozhou Bay.