俄罗斯城市化与城市发展

Urbanization and city development of Russia

俄罗斯的城市建设始于沙俄时期的领土扩张,苏联时期的工业化进程使得城市化进程加速发展并达到顶峰。苏联解体至今的20余年间,虽然俄罗斯城市建设还在缓慢推进,但以农村人口向城市流动为重要标志的城市化进程已基本处于结束阶段,"郊区化"已初露端倪。工业化"裹挟"下的城市化带来诸多问题,而人口和发展资源向中心城市的集聚使俄罗斯城市网依旧较为稀疏,城市发展不平衡加剧,城市发展画卷呈现"斑驳"之态。整体而言,当今俄罗斯城市发展主要由规模因素决定。

Russian city construction began from Tsarist Russian Expansion.Soviet industrialization sped up the progress of urbanization.For the past 20 years since the disintegration of the Soviet Union,although the urbanization still was in slow progress,urbanization with characteristics of migration from countryside to city has reached at its ending period and suburbanization began to take shape.Urbanization,was carried by industrialization,brought many problems.Population and resources moving to center- city have made city network still loose,uneven development of cities was deteriorated.Generally speaking,development of city of contemporary Russia will mainly relies on size effect.