发达国家对外援助管理体系规则设置及对中国的启示

Rules of Developed Countries for Setting-up Foreign Aid Management System and its Reference to China

《中国的对外援助》白皮书首次介绍了中国对外援助的基本情况,引起国内外广泛关注。中国对外援助管理体系正处于重大变革期,需要详细考察主要援助国对外援助管理体系设置的一般规则,并结合中国国情提出相应的改革设想。当前,主要援助国在设置对外援助管理体系时,通常要考虑内部机构设置方式、技术和资金援助的管理模式、特定领域专门机构和驻外管理机构的设置、对外援助的外包以及人力资源管理等问题。中国对外援助管理体系改革可从完善对外援助管理体系机构设置、加强人力资源管理、设置驻受援国现场管理机构以及培育援外承包市场等几个方面着手。

China＇s Foreign Aid White Paper introduces its basic information for the first time. And it arouses wide concern from inside and outside. China＇s foreign aid management system is going on important revolution. This paper analyses general rules in setting up aid management system for major donors and put forward some policy suggestions for China＇s aid management system reform. When setting up aid management system, major donor countries usually consider the following aspects： the mode of inner institutions, management pattern of technical and capital aid, establishing administrative organizations for special aid and overseas offices, outsourcing of aid and human resources management. China should improve organization structuring, strengthen human resources management, establish field management organs and develop aid outsourcing market right now.