骨科无菌手术感染的危险因素分析与护理对策

Orthopedic sterile surgical infection risk factor analysis and nursing

目的探讨骨科无菌手术感染的危险因素,并提出相应的护理对策。方法选取骨科无菌手术患者2 269例,并根据患者是否发生感染将其分为感染组和非感染组,对其基础资料以及治疗情况进行回顾分析。结果 2269例骨科无菌手术患者发生医院感染51例,感染率为2.25%。其中切口感染47例,占全部感染92.16%,肺感染4例,占全部感染7.84%。年龄≥60岁、BMI指数≥25 kg/m2、合并糖尿病、急诊手术、在非层流手术室进行、下肢手术、手术时间≥60min、接台手术是骨科无菌手术感染的危险因素,存在上述因素者发生感染的患者明显多于其他患者,具有统计学意义(P<0.05);而患者的性别、是否合并高血压与其是否发生感染无明显关系(P>0.05)。经过Logistic回归分析,年龄≥60岁、BMI指数≥25 kg/m2、合并糖尿病、急诊手术、在非层流手术室进行、下肢手术、手术时间≥60min、接台手术是骨科无菌手术发生感染的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论骨科无菌手术感染与多种因素有着密切的关系,护理人员应针对这些因素导致感染的具体原因进行针对性的护理,减少感染的发生。

Objective To analyze orthopedic sterile surgical risk factors for infection, and the corresponding nursing. Methods A total of 2269 cases of orthopedic sterile surgical patients, and according to whether the patient will be divided into infected infection group and non-infection group, as well as its underlying data treatment were analyzed ret-rospectively. Results A total of 2 269 cases of aseptic orthopedic surgery nosocomial infection in 51 cases, the infection rate was 2.25%. Including wound infection in 47 cases, accounting for 92.16 percent infection, pulmonary infection in 4 cases, accounting for 7.84 percent infection. Age ≥ 60 years, BMI index ≥25 kg / m2, diabetes, emergency surgery, in a non-laminar flow operating room, lower extremity surgery, operative time ≥60min, then sets sterile surgical or- thopedic surgery risk factors for infection, the presence of the factors of infection in patients who were more than other patients, significant difference compared with other patients, a statistically significant （P 〈0.05）. The patient＇s gender, hypertension whether infection with no significant relationship （P〉 0.05）. After Logistic regression analysis, age ≥ 60 years, BMI index ≥25 kg/m2, diabetes, emergency surgery, in a non-laminar flow operating room, lower extremity surgery, operative time ≥60rain, then sets sterile surgical orthopedic surgery is infection independent risk factors （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Orthopedics sterile surgical infection and is closely related to a variety of factors, nurses should ad- dress these factors lead to infection of the specific reasons for targeted care, reduce the incidence of infection.