北京市人户分离人口的空间分布及其影响因素分析

Spatial Distribution of Beijing's Hukou-Residence Separated Population and Its Determinants

文章根据北京市第六次人口普查资料发现,人户分离人口包括市内人户分离和常住外来人口两类人群,前者大多是由于城市内部的经济社会差距和住房方面的原因迁移,主要是户口福利造成的人户分离;后者更多是由于地区经济差距和就业方面的原因迁移,因户籍制度造成的人户分离。北京市人户分离人口规模不断上升,并向城市功能拓展区和发展新区集聚,两类人群的集聚区在空间上小部分重叠,大部分毗邻,前者位置更好。人户分离人口居住区位分异程度逐步上升,处于中等偏低水平,常住外来人口比市内人户分离人口更加隔离。人户分离人口空间集聚区受住房、公用资源的布局与分配及个人的收入和移民身份等影响,反映出城市规划、建设和管理政策方面存在的问题。针对这些问题,文章提出了相应的政策建议。

Based on the data of the Sixth Census of Beijing,this paper shows that the scale of hukou-residence separated population can be divided into local hukou-residence separated population and immigrants.The former is separated more for the hous ing reasons and hukou benefits while the latter is more for jobs and strictly limited by hukou management.The size of Beijing's separated population is increasing and is concentrating on the suburban area.Their agglomeration settlements are mostly adjacent to or partly overlapped,but the former gets better locationd.Residential differentiations increase significantly between the groups of hukou-residence consistent population and hukou-residence separated population,which is at a moderate to inferior level.The immigrants are more isolated than intra-city hukou-residence separated population.Hukou-residence separated population is mainly attracted by the allocation of housing,public service facilities and individual's income and status,implying serious problems of urban planning,development and management policy.Finally,the paper provides some policy suggestions.