概念整合理论在语义识解中的应用

Application of Conceptual Blending Theory into the Process of Meaning Construal

语义识解是涉及知觉、记忆、推理等一系列心理活动在内的认知行为。在这一系列心理活动中,话语交际者需要运用语言基本知识及由生活体验而来的各种概念框架对相关内容的语义进行动态地分析识解。概念整合理论作为认知语言学的代表性理论,对词语和句子的意义识解有着重要作用:①概念整合理论反映了概念和心智活动之间的关系;②两个或多个心智空间的信息映射是激活词汇语境意义的预设条件;③概念整合的认知机制能够合理解释隐喻、习语等语言现象的形成,为隐含义的理解提供理论依据。基于概念整合在语义识解过程中的重要意义,二语习得者在整合模式的形成过程中首先需要注重联想能力的培养,以此扩展延伸词汇认识;其次要强调文化意识的培养,用文化与语言的关联性指导二语学习;再次,还需要构建全面的学科框架并积累百科常识,为语义理解提供认知库。

As a complicated cognitive process, the construal of meaning involves a series of mental activities such as perception, memorization and inference, during which communicators have to employ not only the linguistic knowledge but also the conceptual frames out of life experience into the dynamic analysis of the meaning. The theory of Conceptual Blending, as a representative theory in cognitive linguistics, plays an important role in meaning understanding in terms of lexicon and sentence. First of all, the theory itself reflects the relation between concepts and mental activities. Secondly, the mapping mechanism presupposes the process of activating the situational meaning of lexicon. Furthermore, the cognitive mechanism of conceptual blending could effectively explain the being of linguistic phenomena such as metaphors and idioms, which provides the theoretical support for analyzing the implied meaning in expressions. With being aware of the conceptual blending＇s importance in the meaning construal, the second language learner should give emphasis to the associative ability, which could help to expand the cognition of lexical meaning. Besides, the cultural awareness should be built up for guiding the second language learning as well as the comprehensive frame for academic and encyclopedia knowledge should work as the cognitive context.