HLA-DRB1基因多态性与溃疡性结肠炎的相关性研究进展

The Research Progress about HLA-DRB1 Alleles and Ulcerative Colitis

溃疡性结肠炎(Ulcerative colitis,UC)是一种直肠和结肠的慢性非特异性炎症性疾病,其病因至今仍未完全阐明,普遍认为与遗传因素和自身免疫异常有关。人类白细胞抗原(Human leukocyte antigen,HLA)是人类主要组织相容性复合体(MHC)基因的编码产物,是调控人类免疫应答的关键因素之一,其中HLAⅡ类基因参与外源性抗原的递呈,是目前研究的最为广泛的与炎症性肠病相关的区域。HLAⅡ类基因中以HLA-DRB1等位基因的多态性最丰富,国内外大量研究均显示HLA-DRB1基因不仅与UC的发病密切相关,而且与UC的临床特点有关联,但研究的结果并不完全一致,而且其导致特定人群UC易感的分子生物学机制也不十分清楚。本文主要综述HLA-DRB1基因多态性与UC相关性的研究进展。

Ulcerative colitis is a kind of rectum and colon of chronic nonspecific inflammatory disease, its etiology has not been fully elucidated, generally thought to be related to genetic factors and autoimmune abnormalities.Human leukocyte antigen （HLA）, a group of proteins coded by human major histocompatibility complex （MHC） gene, is one of the key factors in regulating human immune response. HLA II genes, involved in exogenous antigen presentation, was investigated most widely, because it associated with inflamma- tory bowel disease. HLA-DRB1 allele has the most abundant polymorphism in the HLA class II gene. A lot of domestic and foreign studys showed that HLA-DRB 1 gene is correlated with incidence and clinical features of UC, but the results are not entirely consistent, and the molecular mechanism ofHLA-DRB1 gene leads to specific populations of UC susceptible is not very clear. This review focus on research progress about correlation between HLA-DRB1 genes and UC.