河南省2012年成人乙型病毒性肝炎血清流行病学调查

Serological survey of hepatitis B among adult population in Henan

摘要目的：了解河南省成人乙型病毒性肝炎（简称乙肝）流行现状，分析成人乙肝病毒（HBV）感染的血清流行病学变化趋势。方法：采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取样本，对河南省30个县区15～74岁人群共17986人进行了问卷调查和采血l采用’ELISA方法对血样进行HBV血清学指标的检验，对于阳性标本采用另一种试剂盒复检，复检结果与初检不一致的用全自动微粒子酶免分析仪确定。对HBsAg检测结果为阳性的对象按照1：3选择对照，分析HBV感染的风险因素。结果：河南省2012年成人的HBV感染率为45．29％，HBsAg阳性率为3．99％，抗-HBc阳性率为44．95％，抗-HBs阳性率为45．16％；其中15～岁年龄组HBsAg阳性率最低，为3．04％，55～74岁年龄组HBsAg阳性率最高，为4．97％；15～岁年龄组抗-HBs阳性率最高，为46．08％，55～74岁年龄组抗-HBs阳性率最低，为10．15％。不同的血清学指标与年龄呈现不同的曲线关系，HBsAg阳性率和抗-HBc阳性率随年龄升高而升高。多因素分析结果表明，家庭成员长期一起生活是主要的传播方式。结论：河南省成人HBV感染率有缓慢下降趋势。

Aim： To investigate and analyze seroepidemiology of HBV in Henan adult population. Methods： The cluster random sampling was used. A total of 17 986 people aged 15 - 74 years who lived in thirty districts or counties of Henan were investigated. The ELISA was used for detecting the HBV serological markers. The positive samples were detec- ted repeatedly by the other kits produced by different company. The case-control was selected 1 ： 3 to analyze the risk fac- tors. ReSults： The infection ratio of HBV in adults of Henan was 45.29% , the positive ratio of HBsAg was 3.99% , the positive ratio of anti-HBe was 44.95% , and the positive ratio of anti-HBs was 45.16%. 15 -- years group had the lowest positive ratio of HBsAg （3.04%） and the highest anti-HBs positive ratio （46.08%）. 55 -- 74 years group had the highest positive ratio of HBsAg （4.97%） and the lowest anti-HBs positive ratio （ 10.15% ）. There were different linear relation between the different serological index and age. The multiple-factor analysis results showed that the infection happened in family was the main risk factor. Conclusion ： The HBV infection rate of adults in Henan was declining little by little.