河南省居民高血压相关危险因素分析

Risk factors of hypertension in residents of Henan Province

目的：了解河南省居民高血压相关危险因素，为制定高血压防治策略提供科学依据。方法：采用多阶段抽样方法，在全省30个县区共抽取15～74岁城乡居民18772人，由经过培训的专业人员对其进行血压测量、体格检查和问卷调查。结果：有父母高血压、冠心病、脑卒中家族史者患高血压的危险度高于无家族史者。吸烟、饮酒人群患高血压的危险度高于不吸烟、不饮酒人群。食盐、食用油摄入过量者患高血压的危险度较高。超重、肥胖和糖尿病患者患高血压的风险明显高于体重、血糖正常人群。多因素logistic回归分析显示，调整了年龄、性别等因素后，高血压家族史、饮酒、中心性肥胖、超重及肥胖和糖尿病是高血压患病的独立危险因素[OR（95％CI）＝2．030（1．485～2．774）、1．157（1．060～1．365）、1．426（1．185～1．715）、1．935（1．725～2．170）、1．711（1．390～2．107）]。结论：大力开展健康教育，并对超重、肥胖和糖尿病患者进行重点干预，对预防高血压的发生有重要意义。

Aim：To identify the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in residents of Henan , and provide evi-dences and suggestions to prevent and control hypertension in future .Methods：A total of 18 772 residents aged 15 to 74 years were selected with a multi-stage sampling technique in 30 counties.A cross-sectional study with blood pressure meas-urement, physical examination and questionnaire interview were carried out for every participant by trained professionals . Results：The population with family history of hypertension , coronary heart disease , and stroke had higher risk for hyper-tension than those without .The population who smoked , drinked had higher risk than those who did not .The population with excess salt intake and oil intake had higher risk for hypertension .The population with over-weight,obesity and diabetes mellitus had more higher risk for hypertension .After adjusted for age , gender and other factors , logistic regression analysis showed that family history of hypertension , drinking, central obesity,over-weight and obesity, diabetes mellitus were signif-icantly associated with hypertension[OR（95%CI）=2.030（1.485-2.774）,1.157（1.060-1.365）,1.426（1.185-1.715）,1.935（1.725-2.170）,1.711（1.390-2.107）].Conclusion：To carry out health education energetically and give intervention to the population with over-weight and obesity and diabetes mellitus are of great value in the prevention of hypertension .