植物生长调节剂对玉米植株涝害的缓解

Effects of Different Plant Growth Regulators on the Recovery form Waterlogging of Zea mays L.

[目的]研究不同植物生长调节剂对缓解玉米植株涝害的效果,筛选最优的玉米涝害防治药剂供生产使用。[方法]以生产上大面积推广应用的3个玉米品种为供试材料,分别在苗期和抽雄吐丝期淹水胁迫模拟涝害处理玉米植株后喷施喷长精、多效唑(PP333)、美洲星和脱落酸(S-ABA),分析各植物生长调节剂对玉米植株叶片叶绿素相对含量(SPAD值)、叶绿素荧光参数(Fo、Fm、Fv/Fo和Fv/Fm值)、株高、穗位高、产量等的影响。[结果]苗期喷施美洲星、抽雄吐丝期喷施喷长精能够有效缓解该时期玉米植株涝害,玉米叶片SPAD、Fo、Fm、Fv/Fo和Fv/Fm值可以得到恢复或增加,同时对涝害玉米植株后期株高、穗位高和产量也具有不同程度的恢复或增加,而且可施用的浓度范围广、适用的玉米品种较多。[结论]生产上合理施用美洲星和喷长精对于玉米遭受涝害后增产具有较好作用。

[Objective] To study the effects of different plant growth regulators on the recovery form waterlogging of maize,selecting the best one for later production.[Method] With three maize varieties used in large areas as materials,four plant growth regulators：brassinolide,paclobutrazol,meizhouxing and abscisic acid were foliar sprayed after waterlogging stress at seeding and tasseling and silking stages respectively,the effects of different plant growth regulators on chlorophyll relative contents （SPAD value）,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters （Fo,Fm,Fv/Fo and Fv/Fm value）,plant heights,ear heights and yields of maize plants were analyzed.[Result] The spraying of meizhouxing in seeding and brassinolide in tasseling and silking,which applied to production with a wide range of concentrations and maize varieties,could relieve the waterlogging injury of maize leaves by increasing SPAD,Fo,Fm,Fv/Fo and Fv/Fm value,and improve the plant heights,ear heights and yields to different degrees.[Conclusion] Rational application of meizhouxing and brassinolide could increase maize yields after waterlogging in production.