妊娠期糖尿病孕妇不同诊断标准对妊娠期高血压疾病和巨大儿影响的研究

Different diagnostic criteria for gestational hypertension and macrosomia in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

目的 研究妊娠期糖尿病孕妇不同诊断标准对妊娠期高血压疾病和巨大儿的影响.方法 选择2200例孕妇应用新诊断标准诊断出妊娠期糖尿病602例作为新标准组,1850例孕妇应用原诊断标准诊断出妊娠期糖尿病85例作为对照组,对两组病例进行回顾性分析,对比研究妊娠期糖尿病的检出率、妊娠期高血压疾病发生率、巨大儿发生率、胎膜早破发生率、剖宫产率、产后出血率等.结果 新标准组妊娠期糖尿病的检出率显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.新标准组妊娠期高血压疾病、巨大儿的发生率显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.新标准组剖宫产、产后出血、胎膜早破的发生率与对照组相比,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 应用新妊娠期糖尿病诊断标准可以明显提高妊娠期糖尿病的检出率,并且能够明显降低妊娠期高血压疾病和巨大儿的发生率,从而降低母婴的风险.

Objective To investigate the effect of different diagnostic criteria for gestational hypertension and macrosomia in patients gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods 602 cases was selected from the 2200 patients diagnosed as gestational diabetes mellitus by the new diagnostic criteria as a new standard group,and 85 from the 1850 patients by the original diagnostic standard as a control group.The data of both group were retrospectively analyzed.The detection rates of gestational diabetes mellitus,the incidences of macrosomia,gestational hypertension,premature rupture of membranes,cesarean section,and postpartum hemorrhages and so on were comparatively studied.Results The detection rate of gestational diabetes mellitus was significantly higher in the new standard group than in the control group,with a statistical difference （P ＜ 0.01）.The incidences of macrosomia and gestational hypertension were significantly lower in the new standard group than in the control group,with statistical differences （P ＜ 0.05）.There were no statistical difference in the incidences of cesarean section,postpartum hemorrhage,and premature rupture of membranes between the new standard group and the control group （P ＞ 0.05）.Conclusions The new standard for diagnossing diabetes is helpful for detecting gestational diabetes mellitus and can significantly lower the incidences of macrosomia and gestational hypertension.Therefore,it can reducs the risk of mother and child.