18个黄淮海地区推广冬小麦品种的遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity of 18 Popularized Winter Wheat Cultivars in Huanghuaihai Area

为给小麦育种中种质资源的合理使用提供信息参考，利用78对核心SSR引物对参试的18个小麦品种进行了基因组扫描，并通过ntsys2．11软件对其4个农艺性状、5个品质指标和SSR标记进行了聚类分析。78对引物在18个品种中扩增出268条多态性带，每个引物2～9条，平均3．44条。18个品种可分为2大类群，第1类包括13个品种，第Ⅱ类包括5个品种。第II类的农艺和品质指标都比第1类高，其中面团稳定时间与第Ⅱ类差异明显，平均为13．2min。聚类结果和品种之间的亲缘关系相吻合。18个品种的遗传相似系数范围为0．55～0．86，平均为0．67。参试小麦品种存在一定的异质性，但差异较小，遗传基础狭窄。

In order to take full advantage of germplasm resources in wheat breeding, 78 core $SRs were used to genomic scanning of 18 wheat varieties. The data of 4 agronomic traits, 5 quality indexes and SSR marker of the 18 wheat varieties were analyzed using ntsys2.11 software. A total of 268 alleles of loci were detected in 18 varieties. The average alleles per locus were 3.44, ranging from 2 to 9. The 18 wheat varieties were clustered into two groups, 13 wheat varieties in group I and 5 in group II. The agronomic traits and quality traits of group II were better than those of group I. The stability-time difference between the two groups was 13.2 min. The clustering results based on SSR data were con- sistent with that based on the pedigree of 18 wheat varieties. The genetic similarity coefficient of 18 wheat varieties was 0.55~0.86, averaging 0.67. There was a certain degree of heterogeneity, but the difference was small among these wheat varieties. The genetic basis of the 18 varieties was narrow.