内蒙古河套灌区有效灌溉及盐碱控制的战略思考(英文)

Strategic Considerations of Efficient Irrigation and Salinity Control on Hetao Plain in Inner Mongolia

位于中国干旱地区的河套平原 ,有着得天独厚的自然条件 ,在我国农业生产上占有重要的地位。但是这里没有灌溉就没有农业。长期过量灌溉引起了该地区土地的盐碱化。水资源短缺问题受到越来越广泛的关注 ,该地区引黄河水量将进一步削减 ,但另一方面随着社会和经济的发展 ,耕地面积将进一步扩大 ;农业节水和传统的用水洗盐方式是一对需要解决的矛盾。现代灌溉技术如喷灌、滴灌、微灌等无论是在技术上还是在经济上都很难在这里得到应用 ,地面灌溉方式在近期内仍将是主要的灌溉方式。

Hetao Plain, located in the arid region of China with many favorite natural conditions, is of importance in agriculture, where there is no agriculture without irrigation with water from the Yellow River. Long time excessive irrigation has caused secondary salinity problem. With ever increasing national concern of water shortage, allowed intake of water from the Yellow River would be cut down while cultivated land is expanding under social and economical influences. Water saving in agriculture and high water demand for salinity leaching as in the traditional practices will be a contradiction to be technically solved. Modern irrigation methods, such as sprinkler, drip, micro sprinkler have difficulties in use, both technically and/or economically while surface irrigation methods will reminder the main ways of water application in field for years to come. Appropriate scheduling for efficient irrigation and measures for controlling water table will be the keys to the answer to the problems.