延续性早期发育支持护理对早产儿智能发育的影响

Influence of continuing early development supporting care on the intelligence development of premature infants

目的：探讨延续性早期发育支持护理对早产儿智能发育的影响。方法选择137例同期转入NICU的早产儿，按随机数字表法随机分为干预组69例和对照组68例。两组患儿遵医嘱在常规治疗发育支持护理的基础上，干预组患儿实施延续性早期发育支持护理干预，即全面评估早产儿生长发育需求，建立家庭追踪随访电子档案、专题知识技能培训及发育支持康复训练为一体的延续性发育支持护理模式；对照组按传统的方法出院后定期返院复查评估。结果干预组早产儿母亲育儿知识技能优于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（H＝13．05，P＜0．05）。两组早产儿随访至第12个月，干预组适应性、大运动、精细运动、语言、社交发育商（DQ）分别为（96．7±177;2．7），（95．2±177;2．3），（96．5±177;2．1），（97．8±177;2．2），（97．3±177;2．4）；对照组分别为（92．3±177;2．9），（91．2±177;2．5），（92．4±177;2．3），（95．1±177;2．8），（93．2±177;2．7），两组比较差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为9．193，9．748，10．898，6．281，9．397；P＜0．01）。干预组脑瘫发生情况优于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（H＝18．76，P＜0．05）。结论延续性早期发育支持护理可以促进婴儿智能发育，改善其预后，提高早产儿生存质量。

Objective To study the influence of continuing early development supporting care on the intelligence development of premature infants .Methods A total of 137 cases of premature infants transferred into NICU at the same time were chosen and randomly divided into the intervention group （ n=69 ） and the control group （n=68）.On the basis of conventional early development supporting care , the intervention group received continuing early development supporting care which included full evaluation of premature infants ’ development needs , establishing family follow-up electronic archives , thematic knowledge and skill training and development supporting rehabilitation training , while the control group only returned to the hospital to review assessment on a regular basis after discharge .Results The parenting knowledge and skills of mothers in the intervention group was better than those in the control group , and the difference was statistically significant （ H=13.05,P＆lt;0.05）.Until the 12th month of the follow-up, the developmental quotient（DQ） of adaptability, big movement, fine movement, language, and social contact were respectively （96.7 ±177;2.7）,（95.2 ±177;2.3）, （96.5 ±177;2.1）,（97.8 ±177;2.2）,（97.3 ±177;2.4） in the intervention group, and （92.3 ±177;2.9）,（91.2 ±177;2.5）, （92.4 ±177;2.3）,（95.1 ±177;2.8）,（93.2 ±177;2.7）in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant （t=9.193,9.748,10.898,6.281,9.397, respectively; P ＆lt;0.01）.The incidence of cerebral palsy in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group , and the difference was statistically significant （ H=18.76,P ＆lt;0.05）.Conclusions The continuing early development supporting care can promote infants ’ intelligence development , and improve their prognosis and quality of life .