2012年宁波市手足口病病原学特征分析

Etiology analysis of hand- foot- mouth disease in Ningbo in 2012

目的了解宁波市手足口病病原学特征。方法对2012年哨点医院上送的临床诊断为手足口病的病例肛拭子或咽拭子标本,采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测标本中肠道病毒分型。结果 1136例送检标本中检出总肠道病毒阳性910例,阳性率为80.11%。其中EV71阳性288例,占总阳性率的31.65%,Cox A16阳性330例,占总阳性率的36.26%,其他肠道病毒阳性292例,占总阳性率的32.09%。不同月份病原的构成不同,不同年龄组总肠道病毒阳性率之间以及核酸各型构成之间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),实验室诊断病例男女性别比为1.54∶1。61份其他肠道病毒阳性标本中,检出最多的为Cox A6 27例(44.26%)及Cox A10 11例(18.03%)。结论 Cox A16为2012年宁波市手足口病的优势病原体,其次为EV71,其他肠道病毒所占比例上升较多,应加强对其进一步的分型检测。

Objective To explore the etiology characteristics of hand foot and mouth disease（HFMD） in Ningbo. Methods Fluorescent quantitative RT - PCR was used to detect viral nucleic acid of enterovirus 71, Coxakivirus 16 and other enterovims- es in samples from HFMD cases, who were clinically diagnosed in sentinel surveillance hospitals in Ningbo. Results Nine hundred and ten cases were detected enterovirus in total 1136 specimens, the total positive rate was 80.11%, including 288 en- terovirus 71 cases（31.65% ）, 330 Coxakivirus 16 cases（36.26% ） and 292 other enteroviruses cases（32.09% ）. The compo- sition of pathogens was different among different months, both the total enterovirus positive rates and proportion of enterovirus types had no statistical significance in different age groups （P 〉 0.05 ）. Male - female sex ratio in laboratory diagnosis cases was 1.54 ： 1. In 61 other enterovirus cases, most were Coxakivirus 6 and Coxaki - virus 10, accounting for 44.26% and 18.03% respectively. Conclusion The major pathogen of HFMD was Cox A16 in Ningbo in 2012, followed by EV71, and other entero- viruses show a rising trend, so further typing detection should be strengthened in HFMD cases.