上海市金山区工作场所中粉尘检测结果分析

Analysis of dust detection results in workplace of Jinshan district of Shanghai

目的为了解金山区相关企业工作场所粉尘的危害现状及潜在的发生职业病的可能性,评价辖区内的职业病防护措施及效果。方法对辖区内相关企业工作场所空气中的粉尘进行检测与分析。结果三年辖区内相关企业工作场所空气中粉尘浓度的总体合格率分别为91.2%、91.7%、92.9%。在检测的粉尘类型中,以矽尘的浓度超标最为严重,其合格率最低为69.5%,其次为谷物粉尘、电焊烟尘、砂轮磨尘等,分别为81.1%、91.0%、91.7%等。结论上海市金山区企业工作场所粉尘总体合格率较高,且合格率呈现逐年增高的趋势,但三年之间不存在统计学差异,提示粉尘的危害没有逐年降低。针对这一情况,建议企业进一步完善职业卫生防护措施。政府相关部门加强普法,加大职业卫生执法监督力度,降低工作场所生产环境中粉尘特别是矽尘浓度,以达到保护劳动者健康的目的。

Objective To get knowledge of the dust harm and possibility of potential occupational diseases in workplace of relat- ed enterprises, and to evaluate the protective measures,of occupational diseases in Jinshan district of Shanghai. Methods The concentration and type of the dust in the air of workplace in related enterprises was detected and analyzed. Results In the past three years, the overall qualified rates of dust concentration in the workplace of related enterprises in Jinshan district were 91.2%, 91.7% and 92.9%, respectively. In terms of the type, silica dust concentration exceeded the standard most serious- ly, with the lowest eligible rate of 69.5%, followed by grain dust, welding fumes and grinding dust with the qualified rates of 81.1%, 91% and 91.7%. Conclusion In Jinshan district, the overall pass - rate of dust in the workplace of related enterpri- ses was relatively high, at a rising trend year by year. But there was no statistical difference among the three years, indicating that harm caused by the dust was not reducing. Considering this situation, further improvement for the occupation health protec- tion measures is needed to be done by the enterprises. Besides, relevant government departments should also take measures to strengthen the law popularization and increase the law enforcement of occupation health supervision to reduce the dust, especial- ly the silica dust concentration in the workplace, thus to protect the workers from the harm.