利用食品安全指数法对地产蔬菜农药安全风险评价

Evaluation of safety risk of local vegetables by food safety index method

目的调查余姚市各个乡镇地产蔬菜的农药残留情况并进行风险评估。方法采用NY/T761-2008《蔬菜和水果中有机磷,有机氯,拟除虫菊酯和氨基甲酸酯类农药多残留的测定》的方法,利用安捷伦气相色谱仪,分别对7大类蔬菜进行抽样检测。结果余姚市地产蔬菜农药残留超标率呈逐年下降趋势,不同种类蔬菜的农药超标率依次为豆类>叶菜类>根茎类>茄果类>甘蓝类>瓜类。2005年,禁用农药超标率最高;2008年,非禁用农药毒死蜱超标率最高;2011年,菊酯类农药超标率增加。有机磷农药超标率随着年份的增加而呈下降趋势,有机氯等其他农药随着年份的增加呈现稳步上升趋势。所有年份蔬菜农药安全指数均小于1,说明所检测的农药残留量没有安全风险。结论该研究为当地的农业生产提供了质量安全的理论数据,保证了当地居民的健康饮食。

Objective To investigate the pesticide residues situation of local vegetables in Yuyao, so as to evaluate the food safety risk. Methods In accordance with NY/T761 - 2008 ＂ Determination of organophosphorus pesticides, organochlorine pesticides, pyrethroid pesticides and carbamate pesticides in vegetables and fruits＂, 7 kinds of vegetables were sampled for de- tection by Aiglent 6890N and Aiglent 7890. Results In Yuyao, the over - limit rate of pesticides residues has decreased in lo- cal vegetable year by year. In terms of different kinds of vegetables, the over - limit rate from high to low was bean 〉 leaf vege- tables 〉 rhizome 〉 solanaceous fruit 〉 cabbages 〉 melons. Forbidden pesticides had the highest over- limit rate in 2005, while that was chlorpyrifos in 2008. The pesticide residues of pyrethroid pesticide had increased from 2011. The over limit rate of organophosphorus pesticides residues decreased year by year, while that of organochlorine pesticides residues increased year by year. The pesticide safety index of local vegetables were all less than 1 in all the years, indicating there was no safety risk in the detected vegetables. Conclusion The research has provided theoretical basis for quality safety of the local vegetables, thus ensuring the people~ healthy diet.