基于光纤法布里-珀罗干涉仪和绝缘油的高电压传感器

High Voltage Sensor Based on Interferometer and Optical Fiber Fabry-Perot Insulating Oil

提出了一种将光纤法布里一珀罗（F-P）干涉仪置入装有绝缘油的容器内来测量高电压的传感方法。当高电压作用到该容器内的绝缘油时，液体会产生运动从而推动光纤F-P干涉仪变形，通过解调因为变形带来的输出光强的变化即可反映被测高电压的变化情况。实验中分别对峰值为数十千伏，半峰全宽时间值约1ms的脉冲电压以及有效值为7kV的工频电压进行了测量，实验结果表明该传感器输出光强可以非常灵敏地响应电压作用下的液体扰动。在脉冲电压下，输出光强近似于脉冲的形式，而在工频电压下，输出光强具有50Hz的波形。实验证明这种将光纤传感器与液体运动相结合的传感机制可应用于毫秒、微秒尺度的脉冲高电压以及工频高电压的测量。

A high voltage sensor based on optical fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer and insulating oil is proposed. When high voltage is applied on insulating oil in the container, liquid flow caused by high voltage changes the cavity of the Fabry-Perot interferometer in the oil. High voltage information can be demodulated by using the change of the reflected light intensity. In our experiments, pulse voltage, with the peak of dozens kilovolt in amplitude, the full width at half maximum time of 1 ms and power frequency voltage of 7 kV, are measured. Experimental results show that the output light intensity of the sensor can respond sensitively to such kind of liquid turbulence. The light waveform is nearly pulsed under a pulse voltage. Moreover, the frequency of the output waveform is 50 Hz when the power frequency voltage of 7 kV is applied to the sensor. The sensing method based on optical fiber sensor and liquid flow has a potential application in the measurement of millisecond even microsecond pulse voltage and power frequency high voltage.