微小RNA与缺血性卒中

MicroRNAs and ischemic stroke

微小RNA（microRNA,miRNA）是内源性非编码单链小分子RNA,可通过与mRNA的3＆#39;-非编码区特异性结合引发转录后基因沉默效应来调节mRNA表达.最近的研究显示,miRNA广泛参与了动脉粥样硬化、脑缺血缺氧耐受、脑水肿、神经细胞死亡等多种病理生理学过程,提示miRNA可能作为缺血性卒中早期诊断的生物学标记物以及早期治疗的生物学靶标.文章对miRNA的生物学特性及其与缺血性卒中的关系和作用机制进行了综述,以期为miRNA在缺血性卒中的诊断和治疗方面提供新的依据和思路.

MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are endogenous,small,non-coding,single-stranded RNA molecules,which can specifically bind to the 3＆#39;-terminal non-coding regions of mRNA chain to induce posttranscriptional gene silencing effect and regulate the expression of mRNA.Recent studies have shown that miRNAs have extensively involved in various pathophysiological processes,including atherosclerosis,cerebral ischemia and hypoxia tolerance,cerebral edema,neuronal cell death,suggesting miRNAs may be used as biological markers of the early diagnosis of ischemic stroke and the biological target of early treatment.This article reviews the biological characteristics of miRNAs,its relationship with ischemic stroke and mechanism of action in order to provide new evidence and ideas for miRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of ischemic stroke.