土壤湿度和机械长度对棉花秸秆分解率的影响

Effect of Soil Moisture and Length of Cotton Straw Machinery Processing on Cotton Straw Decomposition

新疆棉花秸秆产量巨大,但是棉花秸秆的木质素和纤维素含量较高,不易被分解,很难作为饲料利用。本文研究了棉花秸秆在不同条件(土壤水分、棉花机械长度)处理下的分解速率。从土壤水分条件来看,棉花秸秆在50%土壤饱和含水量下的分解最为理想,其分解率在100 d后达到54.08%;从棉花秸秆粉碎程度来看,棉花秸秆粉碎越细越有利于其分解,但是3 cm处理100 d后分解率为54.12%,而1 cm处理100 d后分解率只有47.42%,说明棉花秸秆分解需要一定的孔隙度。另外,棉花秸秆分解之后对土壤肥力也有很大影响。此次试验结果可为推广大田试验提供科学依据。

The yield of cotton straw is huge in Xinjiang , but it is not easy to be decomposed because the lignin and cellulose content of cotton straw are high, so it can hardly be used as feedstuff. The decomposition rate of cotton stalk in different conditions（soil moisture and length of cotton straw machinery processing）was researched. From the perspective of soil moisture, 50%saturation moisture content was the most ideal condition for cotton stalk decomposition and its decomposition rate was up to 54.08%after 100 days. From perspective of degree of cotton stalk crush, the thinner cotton stalk crushing, the more conducive to their decomposition. But the decomposition rate of 3 cm treatment was 54.12%and only 47.42%for the 1 cm treatment after 100 days. These results demonstrated that cotton stalk decomposition required certain porosity. In addition, the cotton stalk after decomposition would influence greatly on the fertility of soil. Above all, the results of this paper could give a scientific basis for the field experiments of cotton stalk returning to fields.