德川日本徂徕学的礼仪制度重建

The Reconstruction of Etiquette System of Sorai School in Tokugawa Japan

日本儒学"古学派"代表人物荻生徂徕的思想很具批判性。他的工作主要分两部分:一是通过复原圣人之道的原貌来彻底颠覆宋儒的形上学,一是通过对儒家经典的重新诠释来为制度重建奠定基础。由于圣人之道具体体现为礼乐制度,所以其在现实世界的落实就应当重建礼乐。荻生徂徕先肯定"礼"是先王制定的"准据",具有普遍性,同时指出圣人制礼以"人情"为依据,所以作为普遍性之"准据"的礼仪在现实社会中的具体运用,必须"斟酌己意"、"求合人情",并按照"心之所安"的原则来实行。但是徂徕深感中日"代殊土殊俗殊",故若要在现实日本重建礼仪已基本无望。

The thought of Ogyu Sorai, who was the representative of Japanese Confucianism School ＂Ancient Learning,＂ is very critical. His ideological work mainly contains two parts： through the restoration of the original appearance of the sage to overturn Song Confucian metaphysics ; through the re-interpretation of the Confucian classics to lay the foundation for rebuilding the sage in the real world is supposed to sy be stem. As ritual system embodies the way of sage, the implementation of the ritual revival. This article looks into the ritual thoughts of Sorai and its conception on the reconstruction of etiquette system.