葡萄无核基因分子标记及应用

Molecular Markers and Application of Seedless Grape Gene

无核葡萄是鲜食与制干葡萄的重要组成部分。当前市场上无核葡萄品种较少的主要原因是无核葡萄抗病性差、果粒小、产量低,因此优质无核葡萄品种选育成为当前葡萄育种领域的重要课题。育种过程中有核后代所占比例较大及童期较长在一定程度上制约无核葡萄育种的进度。无核基因分子标记技术的引入可以高效的在幼苗期检测出该品系是否为无核葡萄,有效的排除有核后代,加速无核葡萄育种进程。该文主要从葡萄无核标记的研究进展、在科研实践中的应用、存在问题以及未来发展方向等研究进行了综述。

Seedless grape （Vitis vinifera L.） is a great part in grapes produced for fresh and raisin consumption. There exist few varieties of seedless grapes in current market due to poor disease resistance, small fruits and low yield. So selecting high-quality seedless grape has become an important issue in grape breeding. The breeding progress is somewhat hindered by a large percentage of offspring made up by seeded grapes, and its long juvenile phase. Applying marker assisted selection （MAS） in breeding process can effectively discern and eliminate seeded germplasm , thus facilitate the breeding for seedless grapes. Research advances, problems and future directions of seedless grape molecular marker were reviewed in this paper.