辽宁省2005-2007年肾综合征出血热流行特征及环境危险因素分析

Analysis of epidemiological features of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and associated environmental risk factors in Liaoning province,China during 2005-2007

目的分析辽宁省2005--2007年肾综合征出血热（HFRS）流行特征和影响HFRS发病的环境因素，为制定HFRS防制措施提供科学依据。方法收集辽宁省HFRS疫情资料，对流行特征及其与平均气温、相对湿度、降雨量、日照、城市鼠密度、农村鼠密度和鼠带病毒率等因素进行相关性分析。结果2005--2007年全省HFRS共发病7298例，死亡78例。年平均发病率为5．78／10万，死亡率为0．06／10万；男性发病率和死亡率均高于女性；发病和死亡主要分布于35~60岁年龄组，分别占总数的59．55％和69．23％；发病和死亡病例主要为农民，分别占总数的61．98％和56．41％；发病高峰主要在11月至次年1月和3—5月，7—10月呈现低谷期，具有混合型疫区的季节特点；年平均发病率较高的是本溪、葫芦岛、锦州、丹东和抚顺市，分别为13．70／10万、12．92／10万、11．30／10万、10．21／10万和9．84／10万。HFRS的发病与气温呈负相关，与降雨量、农村鼠密度及带病毒率呈正相关，Spearman秩相关系数分别为-0．351、0．400、0．449和0．377，P值分别为0．023、0．009、0．003和0．016。结论辽宁省HFRS主要流行于冬春季，主要发病人群为男性青壮年农民。该病的流行与当年气温、降雨量、农村鼠密度及带病毒率密切相关。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome （HFRS） and associated environmental risk factors for HFRS and associated environmental risk factors for HFRS in Liaoning province, China during 2005-2007, and to provide a scientific basis for HFRS control measures. Methods The epidemic data of HFRS in Liaoning province were collected. Analysis was performed to determine the correlation between the epidemic features of HFRS and environmental factors such as mean temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, sunshine, urban rodent density, rural rodent density, and virus-carrying rate. Results There were 7298 cases of HFRS in Liaoning province from 2005 to 2007, and 78 of them died. The mean annual incidence of HFRS was 5.78/100 000, and the mortality was 0.06/100 000; the incidence and mortality were higher in males than in females; 59.55% of the cases and 69.23% of fatal cases were aged 35-60 years; 61.98% of the cases and 56.41% of fatal cases were farmers. The peak of incidence appeared mainly in November to January and March to May, while the trough period was in July to October, showing the seasonal characteristics in mixed epidemic area; the mean annual incidence of HFRS was relatively high in the cities of Benxi （13.70/100 000）, Huludao （12.92/100 000）, Jinzhou （11.30/100 000）, Dandong （10.21/ 100 000）, and Fushun （9.84/100 000）. The incidence of HFRS was negatively correlated with temperature but positively correlated with rainfall, rural rodent density, and virus-carrying rate; the Spearman rank correlation coefficients were -0.351, 0.400, 0.449, and 0.377, respectively, and the P values were 0.023, 0.009, 0.003, and 0.016, respectively. Conclusion In Liaoning province, HFRS is prevalent mainly in winter and spring and among young male farmers. The prevalence of HFRS is closely related to temperature, rainfall, rural rodent density, and virus-carrying rate in the same year.