4种有机磷药物杀灭温带臭虫的实验研究

Laboratory evaluation on efficacy of four organophosphates against bedbug Cimex lectularius

目的观察4种有机磷药物对臭虫野外种群的杀灭效果。方法果酱瓶法,用4种杀虫药剂各制作3种浓度梯度的广口药膜瓶,并设一个丙酮溶剂对照组,将臭虫放入瓶中持续接触直至死亡。结果臭虫野外种群在各浓度药物中半数致死时间(LT50)分别为敌敌畏15.3、18.4、20.2 min,倍硫磷220.5、290.7、231.3 min,辛硫磷230.7、335.9、1300.0 min,杀螟硫磷490.5、475.3、460.0 min。杀虫效果和起效速度依次为敌敌畏、辛硫磷、倍硫磷、杀螟硫磷。结论 4种受试药物中建议首选辛硫磷,敌敌畏在紧急情况下可酌情使用。

Objective To observe the efficacy of four organophosphorus pesticides in killing the wild population of Cimex lectularius. Methods Pesticide-coated jam bottles were used in the study; three concentrations of each of four pesticides were spread on the inner walls and bottoms of wide-mouth bottles, and acetone solvent was used as a control. Cimex lectularius was put into the bottles and continuously exposed to the pesticides until death. Results For different concentrations of pesticides, the median lethal times of wild population of C. lectularius were 15.3, 18.4, and 20.2 min for dichlorovos, 220.5, 290.7, and 231.3 min for fenthion, 230.7, 335.9, and 1300.0 rain for phoxim, and 490.5, 475.3, and 460.0 min for fenitrothion. Dichlorvos had the highest insecticidal efficacy, followed by phoxim, fenthion, and fenitrothion. Conclusion Among the four tested pesticides, phoxim is recommended to be the preferred one. Dichlorvos may be used in case of emergency.