疟疾蚊虫染色体图谱和物理图谱的研究进展

Research progress in chromosome maps and physical maps of malaria mosquitoes

按蚊不仅是疟疾的重要传播媒介,而且在细胞遗传学上还是研究多线染色体的模式生物。多线染色体图谱是按蚊系统分类、生态遗传学和群体遗传学研究的必要手段,也是物理图谱构建的基础。随着荧光原位杂交技术的建立,按蚊中高分辨率物理图谱的发表有力地推动了全基因组序列的组装、比较基因组学以及基因定位克隆的研究。该文对目前按蚊中染色体图谱和物理图谱的研究及其应用进行了综述,有助于为相关研究打下坚实的文献基础。

Anopheles mosquitoes are not only important vectors of malaria, but also model organisms for research on polytene chromosome in cytogenetics. Polytene chromosome maps are necessary tools for the phylogenetic classification, ecological genetic study, and population genetic study of Anopheles and the basis for construction of physical maps. With the development of fluorescence in situ hybridization, the successful construction of high- resolution physical maps of Anopheles mosquitoes has accelerated researches on whole-genome assembly, comparative genomics, and map-based cloning. This article reviews the study and application of chromosome maps and physical maps of Anopheles mosquitoes, which provides a solid foundation for related researches.