组织工程心脏瓣膜种子细胞:来源及应用

Seed cells for tissue-engineered heart valves:source and application

背景:应用机械瓣和生物瓣行瓣膜置换是治疗终末期瓣膜病的有效手段,然而他们的临床应用受到多个因素的限制。具备生物活性的组织工程心脏瓣膜有潜力克服机械瓣和生物瓣的不足,选择适宜的种子细胞是组织工程心脏瓣膜研究的一个重要方面,许多成熟的体细胞和干细胞已被用于构建组织工程心脏瓣膜,然而尚未获得理想的结果。目的:以构成瓣膜的细胞成分为基础,对用于构建组织工程心脏瓣膜的种子细胞、体外细胞种植方法的研究进行综述。方法:由第一作者基于PubMed数据库和万方数据库应用计算机检索2000年1月至2012年12月相关的文章,英文检索词为"Tissue engineering,Heart valves,Cell",中文检索词为"组织工程,心脏瓣膜,细胞",优选文章内容与组织工程心脏瓣膜种子细胞直接相关,具备针对性和权威性,发表在权威杂志的文章共39篇进行综述。结果与结论:瓣膜的细胞成分主要是内皮细胞和间质细胞,早期人们常用内皮细胞和成纤维细胞构建组织工程瓣膜,随着干细胞研究的深入,应用搏动性生物反应器种植间充质干细胞具有构建的组织工程瓣膜的潜力。

BACKGROUND： Application of mechanical valve and bioprosthetic valve replacement is an effective means for the treatment of end-stage valve disease. However, their clinical application is constrained by multiple factors. Tissue-engineered heart valves with biological activity hold the potential to overcome the defect of the mechanical valves and bioprosthetic valves. Choosing appropriate cells for cell seeding is a significant aspect for the research of tissue-engineered heart valves. A growing number of somatic cells and stem cells have been used for construction of tissue-engineered heart valves, however, not yet achieve the desired result. OBJECTIVE： To review the studies on seed cells for tissue-engineered heart valves and the cell seeding methods in vitro on the basis of the cellular components of heart valves. METHODS： First author searched PubMed and Wanfang database with computer for related articles published from January 2000 to December 2012. The keywords were ＂tissue engineering, heart valves, cell＂. Preferred articles concerned seed cells of tissue-engineered heart valves with the relevance and authority. A total of 39 articles published in the prestigious journals were reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Endothelial cells and interstitial cells were mainly valvular cellular components. In the early stage, endothelial cells and fibroblasts were used to construct tissue-engineered heart valves. With deep stem cell research, the application of pulsatile bioreactor cultivation mesenchymal stem cells holds a great potential to produce tissue-engineered heart valves.