项目利益相关者协调度测评研究

Research on Coordination Degree of Project Stakeholders

项目利益相关者管理的核心内容是对他们之间的合作关系进行协调管理,针对项目利益相关者之间合作关系有效测度和实证研究的不足,本文构建了项目利益相关者协调度测评体系,形成了一套实用的项目利益相关者管理工具。本研究深入项目内部结构和功能特性,考察了项目利益相关者之间关系的多个维度,使得项目利益相关者协调度的测评更加客观。通过对项目利益相关者协调度的测评,能够有效指导项目管理者分析影响项目成功的关键要素,监控项目的运行状态,引导各项目利益相关者的行为遵循项目总体战略,实现有效的项目利益相关者管理。

Complexity has become the trend of modern projects and requirements for time, cost and quality are getting stricter and strict- er. The success of projects can no longer just rely on capabilities of project managers, and it requires all stakeholders to support and par- ticipate in the project. The stakeholders now play an important role in the success of projects. Theoretical research and project manage- ment practice indicates that stakeholders＇ not being able to interact in an orderly manner or developing no harmonious relationship often leads to the failure of projects. On the contrary, harmonious cooper- ation between stakeholders makes the most significant contributions to the success of projects. Therefore, an urgent question raised in the project management is how to improve the project stakeholder man- agement and the relationship between stakeholders so that they can interact in an orderly manner to realize the success of projects. The essence and core content of project stakeholder management is to coordinate and manage the cooperative relationship between project stakeholders. For the lack of effective measurements and empirical studies of cooperative relationship between project stakeholders, this paper puts forward an evaluation system of coordination degree of project stakeholders and creates a set of practical tools for project stakeholder management. Deep into internal structure and function characteristics of projects, the study analyzes multiple dimensions of the relationship between project stakeholders and makes the evalu- ation of coordination degree of project stakeholders more objective. With the coordination degree evaluation of project stakeholders, project managers can be guided to analyze the key factors that affect the success of the project and monitor the operational status of proj- ects effectively. The coordination degree evaluation can also be used to keep behaviors of project stakeholders consistent with the overall strategy of projects and ultimately achieve effective project stake- holder management. In order to study the effectiveness of coordina- tion mechanisms, we selected an Engineering project and measured the coordination of project stakeholders. The results show that the evaluation system of coordination degree of project stakeholders can guide project managers analyze the key factors and monitor the oper- ational status of projects, then achieve effective project management.