摘要
RNA干扰(RNAi)是指一种分子生物学上由双链RNA诱发的基因沉默现象,其机制是通过阻碍特定基因的翻译或转录来抑制基因表达。微RNA(miRNA)在哺乳动物的大脑的不同区域具有不同的作用,并且RNAi在大脑的发育过程中具有重要的作用,miRNA具有调控多种目的基因表达的功能。由于神经元一旦受到损害就很难恢复正常的特性,目前RNAi被认为是治疗和改善神经变性疾病最有潜力的的技术。目前治疗性RNAi已运用于多种神经退行性疾病的体内和体外研究当中(如遗传肌张力障碍、阿尔茨海默病等),但其运用于临床治疗仍需进一步的研究。
RNA interference is a molecular biology by double-stranded RNA-induced gene silencing,its mechanism was hindering the translation or transcription of specific genes to inhibit gene expression, miRNAs play different roles in different areas of the mammalian brain, and RNAi plays an important role in the growth of the brain,with the function of regulating a variety of gene expression. Once the neurons are damaged,it＇s hard to restore to normal status, therefore RNAi is currently considered the most potential way to improve and cure nerve injury in the neurodegenerative diseases. Nowadays therapeutic RNAi has been used in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases in vivo and in vitro studies （such as genetic dystonia, Alzheimer disease, etc. ）, but its application in the clinical treatment still needs further research.
出处
《医学综述》
2014年第3期423-426,共4页
Medical Recapitulate
