血液免疫学指标在过敏性紫癜大鼠和兔模型及患儿体内的比较

Comparison of blood immunological indexes in henoch-schonlein purpura rat and rabbit models and pediatric patients

目的通过检测过敏性紫癜大鼠及兔模型的血液学指标的改变,并与人类患者血液学指标改变进行比较,为进一步探索该病的发病机制、明确诊断及治疗提供帮助。方法首先构建模型;进行过敏性紫癜大鼠及兔的症状观察和病理分析;血常规检测;检测大鼠、兔及患儿血清中细胞因子IL-2、IL-4、TNF-α,白细胞表面标记分子CD3、CD4、CD8等,免疫球蛋白IgA,IgE,IgG及补体C3,C4的含量。结果模型大鼠和兔皮肤均有不同程度的出血斑点,皮肤,胃肠道,关节及肾脏也表现为不同程度的炎症反应;模型大鼠、兔及患者急性期血常规均有不同程度的白细胞(WBC)升高,淋巴细胞(LYM)及百分比(LYM%)下降,中性粒细胞(UEN)及百分比(UEN%)升高,血小板(TLP)正常;血清CD4+T细胞减少,CD4/CD8比值下降,IL-4及TNF-α水平升高;IgA升高,C3、C4减少;差别有统计学意义。但这些指标改变的程度不同,血清IL-2、IgG、IgE水平改变不完全一致。结论过敏性紫癜大鼠及兔模型大部分血液学指标改变与人类相似,可为深入研究该病的发病机制、明确诊断及治疗提供帮助。

Objective To offer the help for exploring the pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy of anaphylactoid purpura through detection of blood immunological indexes in rat and rabbit models, and comparation with changes of blood indexes in pediatric patients. Methods Establishment of rat and rabbit models; For anaphylaetoid purpura, then take symptom observation and histopathological analysis; Blood routine tests; Detection of serum cytokines IL-2, IL-4, TNF-α ; white cells surface markers CD3, CD4, CD8; immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, IgE, and complements C3 and C4 contents inrat, rabbit and pediatric patients. Results Rats and rabbits models manifested different degrees of skin Petechiae, and gastrointestinal, joint and kidney also showed various degrees of inflammatory reaction ; Compared with the control group, rats and rabbits of model group and patients presented increased number of white blood cells （WBC） , neutrophils （NEU） and percentage （NEU%）, lymphocytes （LYM） and percentage （LYM%） decreased, normal count of （platelet） TLP at acute phase; serum CD4 ＋ T lymphocytes was decreased, CD4＋/CD8 ＋ ratio were decreased, and TNF-α, IL-4 increased; serum immunoglobulin IgA level elevated, C3, C4 decreased, all had statistically significant differences between the two groups. But these indexes changed in different degrees, serum IL-2, IgG, IgE changes were not the same. Conclusions Hematological changes of Henoch-Schonlein purpura in rat and rabbit models were similar to humans. These results will provide a valuable basis for clarifying pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of HSP.