昌吉油田冷采稠油回掺热水降黏集输工艺

Heavy oil cold production gathering process after reducing viscosity through reinjection of hot water in Changji Oilfield

昌吉油田所辖区块油藏具有原油黏度高,储层中低渗的特点,采取管网远距离集输工艺,存在井口高回压甚至凝管等问题,而采取井口单罐生产收油车倒油至集中处理站的集输方式,存在收油车卸油困难、单罐电伴热能耗高、收倒油运费高、巡检管理不便、影响原油连续生产等问题。为此,采用回掺热水降黏集输工艺,使昌吉油田实现了稠油的管网集输,吨油运行成本降低46%。探讨了该工艺在实际运行过程中暴露的问题,提出了停加降黏剂、在各回掺水配水站增加燃气水浴炉、使用伴生气代替CNG作为相变加热炉燃料等解决方法,取得了显著的经济效益和社会效益。(图8,表1,参11)

The reservoirs in Changji Oilfield feature high viscosity of crude oil and mid-low permeability. The long- distance pipeline gathering process would face problems like high back-pressure at wellhead and oil gelled in pipe. While the gathering process using road tanker to transport the wellhead＇s tank-packed oil to central processing station would encounter problems including difficulty in unloading oil from the road tanker, high energy consumption in tank electric heating, high freight of loading/unloading oil, inconvenience of inspection management and disruption of continuous production of crude oil and so on. In view of these problems, the gathering process using reinjection of hot water to reduce the viscosity is applied in Changji Oilfield to realize heavy oil＇s pipeline gathering, and the operation cost of per ton is reduced by 46%. This paper discusses the problems of this process found in the actual operation and puts forward solving methods, such as free of thinner, each water reinjection station worked with gas-fired water-bath heaters, associated gas to displace CNG as the fuel of phase change heater, which has gained both economic and social benefits. （8 Figures, 1 Table, 11 References）