农地经营权集中模式的减贫效应研究

Study on the Poverty-reduction Effect of Centralized Mode of Rural Land Management Right

我国细碎化的耕地经营模式已难以为继,亟待探索农地集中新模式。本文以河南省周口市为例,从减贫效应方面对六种农地经营权集中模式进行了比较,发现土地流出的带动作用和流入方的经营规模、劳动密集程度呈正相关;农地流转的稳定程度对非农业就业有较大影响,流转时间越长、流入方经营越稳定,非农就业受农业的影响越小;贫困户扩大农业经营规模,进而脱贫的主要途径是农户间自发流转。据此提出了因地制宜选择农地经营权的集中模式、加大对农民培训力度、构建金融支持体系和建立城乡一体化社保网等建议。

The fragmented management mode of farmland is unsustainable in China, and new centralized manage- ment model of land should be explored. In terms of the poverty-reduction effect, this paper compares six centralized management pattern of farmland, finds that the driving effect of outflow of land is positively correlated with the scale of operation and labor intensity of those with the inflow of land. The stability of land circulation has a rather big influ- ence on the non-farm employment. The longer the circulation period is, the more stable the operation of those with in- flow of land is, and the smaller impact it has on non-farm employment. The main way for poor farmers to reduce pov- erty and expand the land management scale is the spontaneous circulation of land between farmers. Accordingly, this paper puts forward suggestions such as centralized mode of rural land management right which caters to local condi- tions, strengthening training for farmers, constructing finance support system and establishing the integrated urban and rural social security network.