黄淮冬麦区小麦品种植酸含量与植酸酶活性聚类分析

Variability of Phytate Content and Phytase Activity among Wheat Cultivars from Yellow and Huai River Valleys

植酸含量与植酸酶活性是影响铁、锌等微量元素生物有效性的关键因子。2009—2010和2010—2011年度，在河南安阳种植212个黄淮麦区代表性小麦品种和高代品系，分析其籽粒植酸含量和植酸酶活性。结果表明，这2个指标变异范围较大，植酸含量为2．18-13．37gkg^-1，平均5．72gkg^-1；植酸酶活性为10～1759Ukg^-1，平均657Ukg^-1。品种及品种与年度互作效应显著影响植酸含量和植酸酶活性，以品种效应较大。根据植酸含量与植酸酶活性将参试品种分别聚为5类，类间植酸含量和植酸酶活性差异显著。石麦12、衡4568、洛麦21和济麦096141的植酸含量较低，且植酸酶活性较高，可作为进一步改良植酸含量和植酸酶活性的亲本。

Phytate content and phytase activity are key factors influencing bioavailability of iron and zinc. To understand the status ofphytate content and phytase activity in wheats from the Yellow and Huai River Valleys Winter Wheat Region, 212 repre- sentative cultivars and advanced lines were sown in Anyang, Henan Province, China in 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 cropping sea- sons. Phytate content and phytase activity varied greatly among these cultivars, ranging from 2.18 to 13.37 g kg^-1 of phytate con- tent and from 10 to 1759 U kg^-1 of phytase activity, with the mean values of 5.72 g kg^-1 and 657 U kg^-1, respectively. Both indices were significantly affected by genotype and genotype x season interaction, with genotype effect being predominant. All cultivars were classified into five groups based on the seasonal standardized values of phytate content and phytase activity, with significant difference among groups. Four cultivars, i.e., Shimai 12, Heng 4568, Luomai 21, and Jimai 096141 exhibited low phytate content and high phytase activity, and can be used in wheat breeding program aiming at improving iron and zinc nutritional quality.