广州红砂岩文物保护新方法

A New Method to Protect the Red Sandstone Heritage in Guangzhou

当前环境污染日益严重,不少珍稀石质文物因缺少保护而遭受严重风化。为保护风化石质文物,文章将纳米材料和传统石质文物保护剂相结合,提出一种新的保护方法:用纳米二氧化钛银与NS-系列文物水性保护剂按一定比例调和,涂抹于红砂岩文物表面;一段时间后在其表面喷洒NS-系列文物水性保护剂。为检验新方法之功效,分别用该方法和NS-系列文物水性保护剂处理采自于广州的红砂岩文物样品,用高效液相色谱仪测定其有机酸种类和质量分数,发现前者较后者的有机酸质量分数明显减少。又经实验检测,发现该方法处理后的样品能经受水流冲刷,能耐酸碱腐蚀。这表明新方法既能防水、耐酸碱,又能降解有机酸;可以有效延缓石质文物风化,较传统石质文物保护剂具有更好的保护效果。

With the increase of environmental pollution, a lot of treasure stone relics suffer from severe weathering due to lack of protection. In order to prevent the stone relics from weathering, a new protection method is given based on the combination of Nano-materials and traditional conservation of historic stone agent： That is： reconcile silver Nano-titanium dioxide and NS-series cultural relics water-based protective agent with a ratio of 6 g/5 mL, then smear the muddy mixture on the surface of the red Sandstone cultural relics; two hours later, spray the NS-series relics water-based protective agent onto the surface, and then set it under the sun for 3 days. For testing the effectiveness of the new method, a red sandstone cultural relics sample （sampling in Guangzhou） was handled with the new method, while another sample for comparison was handled with the traditional method using only the NS-series relics water-based protective agent. Organic acid type and content were measured by high-performance liquid chromatograph. It was found that the organic acid content of the former was significantly lower than that of the latter. Other experiments showed that samples treated with the new method could withstand water erosion and acid corrosion. So it can be concluded from those experiments that the new method can enhance the capacity of the stone surface to resist the corrosion of water, acid and alkali, and so can protect the red sandstone heritage from the destruction of external factors, and the method can also protect red sandstone heritage from the destruction of internal factors by degrading organic acid. Moreover, this method can also provide reference for conservation of other types of stone.