碳酸盐岩储层微区地球化学分析技术的发展及应用

Development and Application of Microarea Geochemistry Analysis Technology for Carbonate Reservoirs

碳酸盐岩成岩过程和孔隙类型复杂,储层物性特征变化大,岩石结构组分、世代胶结物和交代物也比较复杂多样,因此对碳酸盐岩储层研究提出挑战。微区地球化学研究方法就是应碳酸盐岩储层研究需要而发展起来的一套综合研究方法,其也是今后碳酸盐岩储层研究的重要发展方向。其中微区元素分析和微区同位素分析是近年来在储层地球化学研究领域中的热点和焦点,微区元素分析技术已形成了从主量和次量组分到痕量和超痕量组分分析的一个完整技术体系,包括电子探针(EMPA)、扫描电镜(SEM)及核探针(SNM),同步X-射线探针(SRXRM)和二次离子探针质谱(SIMS)以及激光溶蚀等离子质谱仪(LA-ICP-MS)等;碳酸盐岩微区同位素分析技术主要介绍了激光显微取样C、O同位素分析技术、多接收激光等离子质谱分析技术(LA-MC-ICP-MS)和热电离子同位素比质谱分析技术(TIMS)。通过2个实例的剖析,说明了微区地球化学研究方法在碳酸盐岩储层研究中的重要意义,并指出微区多参数地球化学研究方法将是碳酸盐岩储层研究的重要发展趋势。

The microarea geochemistry technology has become an important trend for carbonate reservoirs because carbonate has complicated diagenesis process, porosity types, reservoir properties, rock structure, cementation and replacement. Recently,microarea element analysis and microarea isotope analysis have be- come the main research hotspots in this subject. Microarea element analysis technology has formed a com- plete technical system for main and minor element analysis, as well as trace and ultra trace element analy- sis,including EMPA,SEM,SNM,SRXRM,SIMS,LA-ICP-MS,and so on. In this paper we introduce three kinds of microarea isotope analysis technologies, such as carbon and oxygen isotope analysis with laser mic- rosampling,LA-MC-ICP-MS and TIMS. Based on two example analysis,it is explained that the microarea geochemistry technology is of great importance and has become a trend in carbonate reservoir research.