高速公路爬坡车道设置的有效性

Effectiveness of building climbing lane on expressway

为了科学地分析高速公路爬坡车道设置有效性，为管理者提供建设的决策依据，在传统元胞自动机模型的基础上，通过引入纵坡坡度、车辆运行速度改进了NS跟车规则中的车辆加速与慢化概率规则，在换车道规则中，对相邻车道上后方紧邻车辆的速度采取车辆运行速度与安全换道间距的最小值，构建适用于爬坡路段的交通流元胞自动机模型；分析车道数、坡度、坡长、车速、大车混入率等因素对爬坡路段通行能力的影响，据此仿真了240种方案。研究结果表明：单向双车道增设一条爬坡车道后，其通行能力提高百分比区间为8％～16％，其中在大车混入率为30％时达到最大值；单向三车道增设一条爬坡车道后，其通行能力提高百分比区间为6％～15％，其中在大车混入率为20％时达到最大值。

In order to scientifically analyzing the effectiveness of building climbing lane on expre- ssway and provide a basis for decision making in road construction, this paper improved vehicle acceleration and deceleration probability rules in NS car-following rules and took the minimum value of vehicle running speed and safety lane change pitch as the speed of next vehicle closely on adjacent lane in lane-changing rules, and built the traffic flow cellular automaton model suitable for driving on climbing lane. The influence of number of lanes, slope, slope length, speed and mixed rate of heavy vehicles on traffic capacity in climbing section was analyzed and 240 simula- tion programs were established. The results show that after a climbing lane is built on express- way which has two lanes in one direction, the capacity increases by 8% to 16%,and reaches max- imum when mixed rate of heavy vehicles is 30% after a climbing lane is built on expressway which has three lanes in one direction, the capacity increases by 6% to15%, and reaches maxi- mum when mixed rate of heavy vehicles is 20%. 3 tabs, 10 figs, 12 refs.