基于制动稳定性要求的电动汽车制动力分配

Braking force distribution of electric vehicles based on braking stability

为进一步提高电动汽车的能量利用效率以改善其续驶里程,提出一种基于制动稳定性要求的电动汽车最优化能量回收制动力分配策略。通过对制动稳定性要求和ECE R13制动法规的分析,从理论上确定了纯电动汽车安全制动力的分配范围。考虑电机及蓄电池对能量回收的制约,在确定的安全制动范围内,分析了以最大限度回收制动能量为目标的制动力分配流程。将开发的制动控制策略嵌入ADVISOR 2002中,分别在城市道路工况和高速路工况下进行仿真。仿真结果表明:对比ADVISOR中缺省的制动力分配策略,提出的制动力分配策略在保证制动稳定性的要求下,回收能量和能量利用效率都有提高,城市道路工况能量回收提高幅度达163.4%。

In order to further improve the energy efficiency of electric vehicles, thus to improve the driving range, a braking force distribution strategy of electric vehicles was developed, which realized optimal energy recovery based on braking stability. The safe range of braking force dis- tribution was determined by analyzing braking stability requirements and the ECE R13 rules. Considering the restriction of motor and battery on energy recovery, the strategy with optimal energy recovery was established in the safe braking range. The simulation of this strategy was performed by ADVISOR 2002 in urban road and expressway driving cycle. The results show that the proposed braking force distribution strategy is more effective on energy recovery and energy efficiency than the default strategy in ADVISOR, and the increase rate of energy recovery reaches to 163.4% in urban road driving cycle. 3 tabs, 6 figs, 11 refs.